Greek and Latin roots in English_S

Root	Meaning in English	Origin language	Etymology (root origin)	English examples
sacchar-	sugar	Greek	σάκχαρον (sakcharon)	saccharin
sacr-, -secr-	sacred	Latin	sacrare, from sacer (genitive sacri)	consecrate, desecrate, sacrament, sacred, sacrosanct
sagac-	wise	Latin	sagax, sagacis	sagacious, sagacity
sagitt-	arrow	Latin	sagitta	sagittal plane, Sagittaria
sal-	salt	Latin	sal, salis, salere	salinity
sali-, -sili-, salt-	jump	Latin	salire, saltus	desultory, resilient, salient, saltus
salic-	willow	Latin	salix, salicis	salicin
salu-	health, welfare	Latin	salus	salubrious, salubrity, salutary, salute
salv-	save	Latin	salvus, salvare	salvage, salvation, salve
san-	healthy	Latin	sanus	insane, sanity
sanc-	holy	Latin	sancire (past participle sanctus)	sacrosanct, saint, sanctify, sanction, sanctuary
sanguin-	blood	Latin	sanguis, sanguinis	consanguinity, sanguinary, sanguine
sapi-, -sipi-	taste, wise	Latin	sapere "to have a taste, be wise", related to sapor "taste, flavor"	insipid, insipience, sapient
sapon-	soap	Latin	sapo, saponis	saponification
sarc-	flesh	Greek	σάρξ, σαρκός (sarx, sarkos)	sarcophagus
sart-	tailor	Latin	sartor "tailor", from sarcire "to mend"	sartorial
sati-	enough	Latin	satis	asset, sate, satiate, satiety, satisfy, saturate
saur-	lizard, reptile	Greek	σαῦρος (sauros)	dinosaur
sax-	rock	Latin	saxum	saxatile, saxicavous, saxicoline, saxifrage, saxifragous
scab-	scratch	Latin	scabere	scabies
scal-	ladder, stairs	Latin	scala	scalar, scale
scalen-	uneven	Greek	σκαληνός (skalēnos)	scalene muscles, scalene triangle
scand-, -scend-, scans-, -scens-	climb	Latin	scandere	ascend, descend, transcendent
scaph-	anything hollow, bowl, ship	Greek	σκάφη, σκάφος	scaphoid bone
scel-	leg, thigh	Greek	σκέλος, σκέλεος (skelos)	isosceles
schem-	plan	Greek	σχῆμα (schēma)	schematic
schis-	split, cleft	Greek	σχίζω, σχίσμα (schisma)	schism, schismatic
sci-	know	Latin	scire	conscience, conscious, conscientious, omniscious, omniscient, prescient, science, scienter
scind-, sciss-	split	Latin	scindere	rescind, scissors
scler-	hard	Greek	σκληρός (sklēros)	scleroderma, sclerosis, sclerotic
scoli-	crooked	Greek	σκολιός (skolios)	scoliosis
scop-, scept-	look at, examine, view, observe	Greek	σκέπτομαι, σκοπός (skopos)	horoscope, kaleidoscope, microscope, periscope, scope, stethoscope, telescope
scrib-, script-	write	Latin	scribere, scriptus	describe, inscribe, manuscript, prescribe, scribble, scribe, script, scripture, subscribe
scrupl-	uneasiness	Latin	scrupus "sharp stone"	scruple, scrupulous, unscrupulous
sculp-	carve	Latin	sculpere, sculptus	sculpture
scut-	shield	Latin	scutum	scute
scyph-	cup	Greek	σκύφος (skyphos)	Scyphozoa
se-, sed-	apart	Latin	se	secede, sedition
seb-	tallow	Latin	sebum	sebaceous, sebum
sec-, sect-, seg-	cut	Latin	secare	secant, section, segment
sed-	settle, calm	Latin	sedare, sedatus	sedative
sed-, -sid-, sess-	sit	Latin	sedere, sessus	assiduous, insidious, obsession, possess, preside, president, reside, resident, sediment, sedulity, sedulous, session, subside, supersede
sedec-	sixteen	Latin	sedecim	sedecimal
seget-	in cornfields	Latin	segetum
sei-	shake	Greek	σείω, σεισμός (seismos)	seismograph
selen-	moon	Greek	σελήνη (selēnē)	Selene, selenium
sell-	saddle, seat	Latin	sella	sella turcica
sema-	sign	Greek	σῆμα (sēma)	semantics, semaphore
semi-	half	Latin	semis	semifinal
semin-	seed	Latin	semen, seminis	insemination
sen-	old man	Latin	senex, senis	senator, senescent, senile, senility, senior
sen-	six each	Latin	seni	senary
senti-, sens-	feel	Latin	sentire, sensus	assent, consensus, consent, dissent, resent, scent, sensation, sense, sensible, sensitive, sensory, sentence, sentient, sentience, sentiment
sept-	fence, partition, enclosure	Latin	saeptum	transept
sept-	seven	Latin	septem	septennial
septen-	seven each	Latin	septeni	septenary
septim-	seventh	Latin	septimus	septimal, septime
septuagen-	seventy each	Latin	septuageni	septuagenary
septuagesim-	seventieth	Latin	septuagesimus	septuagesima, septuagesimal
septuagint-	seventy	Latin	septuaginta	Septuagint
sequ-, secut-	follow	Latin	sequere, from sequi, see also secutus	consecutive, consequence, ensue, non sequitur, obsequious, prosecute, pursue, second, sequel, sequence, subsequent
ser-	sow	Latin	serere (past participle satus)	sative, season, seasonable, seasonal, semen
ser-	attach, join	Latin	serere (past participle sertus)	assert, desert, dissertation, exert, insert, serial, serialize, series
ser-	body fluid	Latin	serum	serous
ser-	late	Latin	sērus	serein, serotine
serp-	crawl, creep	Latin	serpere, serptus	serpent
serr-	saw, saw-toothed	Latin	serra, serrare	serration
serv-	save, protect, serve	Latin	servare	conserve, deserve, observe, preserve, reserve, servant, service, servile, servitude, subservient
sesqui-	one and a half	Latin	sesqui	sesquicentennial
set-	bristle, hair	Latin	saeta	seta, setose
sever-	stern, strict, serious	Latin	severus	severity
sex-, se-	six	Latin	sex	semester, sexangle, sexennium
sexagen-	sixty each	Latin	sexageni	sexagenary
sexagesim-	sixtieth	Latin	sexagesimus	sexagesimal
sext-	sixth	Latin	sextus	sextant
sibil-	hiss	Latin	sibilus, sibilare	sibilance
sicc-	dry	Latin	siccus	desiccation
sider-	star	Latin	sidus, sideris	sidereal
sign-	sign	Latin	signum	design, designate, insignia, signal, signature, significant
sil-	quiet or still	Latin	silere	silence
silv-	forest	Latin	silva	silviculture
simi-	ape, monkey	Latin	simia	simian
simil-, simul-	likeness, imitating	Latin	simulare "to emulate", from similis "alike"	assimilate, dissimilate, dissemble, ensemble, resemble, semblance, similar, similarity, simile, similitude, simulacrum, simular, simulate, simulation, simulator, simultaneous, verisimilar, verisimilitude
singul-	one each	Latin	singulus	singular
sinistr-	left	Latin	sinister, sinistri	sinistral
sinu-	(to draw) a line	Latin	sinuare	insinuate
sinus-	hollow, bay	Latin	sinus	sinusoidal
siph-	tube	Greek	σίφων (siphōn)	siphon
sist-	cause to stand	Latin	sistere	assist, consist, desist, exist, insist, persist, resist, solstice, subsist
sit-	food, grain, wheat	Greek	σῖτος (sitos)	sitology
soci-	group	Latin	socius, sociare	associate, social
sol-	sun	Latin	sol, solis	solar, solstice
sol-	comfort, soothe	Latin	solari	consolation, console, solace
sol-	alone, only	Latin	solus	desolate, sole, soliloquy, solipsism, solitaire, solitary, solitude, solo
sole-	accustomed	Latin	solere "be accustomed"	insolence, insolent, obsolescence, obsolescent, obsolete
solen-	pipe, channel	Greek	σωλήν (sōlēn)	solenoid
solv-, solut-	loosen, set free	Latin	solvere, solutus	absolute, absolve, dissolute, dissolve, resolute, resolve, soluble, solute, solution, solve, solvent
soma-	body	Greek	σῶμα, σώματος (sōma, sōmatos)	somatic
somn-	sleep	Latin	somnus	insomnia, somnambulist, somnolent
somni-	dream	Latin	somnium	somnial
son-	sound	Latin	sonus	dissonance, resonance
soph-	wise	Greek	σοφός (sophos)	philosophy, sophism, sophist, sophisticate, sophomore, sophomoric
sopor-	deep sleep	Latin	sopor	sopor, soporific
sorb-, sorpt-	suck	Latin	sorbere	absorb, absorption
sord-	dirt	Latin	sordes, sordere	sordid
soror-	sister	Latin	soror	sorority
spars-, -spers-	sprinkle	Latin	spargere	asperse, aspersion, disperse, intersperse, sparse
spati-	space	Latin	spatium	spatial
spec-, -spic-, spect-	look	Latin	specere	aspect, conspicuous, expect, inspect, introspective, prospect, respect, retrospective, species, specific, specimen, specious, speculate, spectacle, spectator
spect-	watch, look at	Latin	spectare	spectator
specul-	observe	Latin	speculari	speculation
sper-	hope	Latin	spes, sperare	desperation, esperance
sperm-	seed	Greek	σπέρμα (sperma)	angiosperm
sphen-	wedge	Greek	σφήν (sphēn)	sphenoid
spher-	ball	Greek	σφαῖρα (sphaira)	hemisphere, sphere, spheroid, stratosphere
sphing-, sphinct-	closing	Greek	σφίγγω sphingein, σφίγγα sphinga	sphincter
spic-	spike	Latin	spica	spicule
spin-	thorn	Latin	spina	spine
spir-	breathe	Latin	spirare	aspire, conspire, expire, inspire, perspire, respiration, spirit
spond-, spons-	a surety, guarantee; give assurance, promise solemnly	Latin	spondere, sponsus	respond
spondyl-	vertebra	Greek	σπόνδυλος (spondylos)	spondylosis
spu-, sput-	spew, spit	Latin	spuere	sputum
squal-	scaly, dirty, filthy	Latin	squalere	squalid, squalor
squam-	scale	Latin	squama	squamous
squarros-	spreading at tips	Latin	squarrosus	squarrose
st-	cause to stand	Greek	ἵστημι histēmi, histánai	antistatic, ecstatic, stasis, static, systasis, system
st-	stand	Latin	stare "to stand", also causative form statuere "to enact, set", from status "condition, position"	circumstance, consist, constant, constitute, distant, extant, instant, obstacle, presto, stable, stamen, stamina, stance, stanchion, stanza, state, station, stationary, statistic, statue, status, staunch, stay, substance, substitute, superstition
stagn-	pool of standing water	Latin	stagnare	stagnant
stala-	dripping, trickling	Greek	σταλακτός (stalaktos) and σταλαγμός (stalagmos), both from σταλάζειν (stallassein) "to drip"	stalactite, stalagmite
stann-	tin	Latin	stannum	stannous
stasi-	standing, discord	Greek	στάσις (stasis)	static
statu-, -stitu-	stand	Latin	statuere	institution, statute
stear-	fat, tallow	Greek	στέαρ, στέατος (stear, steatos)	stearic acid
steg-	covering	Greek	στέγη (stegē), στεγανός (steganos)	steganography, Stegosaurus
stell-	star	Latin	stella	constellation, stellar
stell-	send	Greek	στέλλω (stellein)	apostle, epistle, stole
sten-	stand	Greek	στεναί (stenai)	apostasy, apostate
sten-	narrow	Greek	στενός (stenos)	stenography, stenosis
stere-	solid	Greek	στερεός (stereos)	stereometry
stern-, strat-	spread, strew	Latin	sternere, stratus	consternation, prostrate, stratify, stratum, stratus, street
stern-	breastbone	Greek	στέρνον (sternon)	sternum
stich-	line, row	Greek	στίχος (stichos)	distich
stigmat-	mark, puncture	Greek	στίγμα (stigma)	astigmatic, stigma
still-	drip	Latin	stilla, stillare	distillation, instill
stimul-	goad, rouse, excite	Latin	stimulus	stimulate
stin-	stand	Latin	stinare	destination, obstinate
stingu-, stinct-	apart	Latin	stinguere	distinction, distinguish
stoch-	aim	Greek	στόχος (stochos)	stochastic
stom-	mouth	Greek	στόμα (stoma)	stomatoplasty
streper-	noise	Latin	strepere	obstreperous
strept-	twisted	Greek	στρεπτός (streptos)	Streptococcus
strig-	compress	Latin	strix, strigis	strigogyps
strigos-	having stiff bristles	Latin	strigosus from striga	strigose
string-, strict-	tight, upright, stiff	Latin	stringere, strictus	astringent, constrain, constrict, constringe, restrict, strain, strict, stringent
stroph-	turning	Greek	στροφή (strophē)	apostrophe
stru-, struct-	to make up, build	Latin	struere, structus	construct, construction, construe, destroy, destruct, instruct, obstruct, structure
stud-	dedication	Latin	studere	student
stup-	wonder	Latin	stupere	stupid, stupor
styl-	column, pillar	Greek	στῦλος (stulos)	Stylites
su-, sut-	sew	Latin	suere, sutus	couture, suture
suad-, suas-	urge	Latin	suadere, suasus	persuasion
suav-	sweet	Latin	suavis	assuage, suave, suavity
sub-, su-, suf-, sug-, sup-, sus-	below	Latin	sub	submarine, submerge, suffix, suggest, support
subter-	under	Latin	subter	subterfuge
sucr-	sugar	Latin	succarum	sucrose
sud-	sweat	Latin	sudare	exude, sudoriferous
sui-	self	Latin	sui	sui generis, suicide
sulc-	furrow	Latin	sulcus	sulcus
sum-	sum	Latin	summare "to sum up", from summa "sum"	consummate, consummation, sum, summa cum laude, summary, summation
sum-, sumpt-	take	Latin	sumere, sumptus	assume, assumption, consume, consumption, presumption, subsume
super-	above, over	Latin	super	insuperable, soprano, sovereign, summit, superable, superb, supercilious, supercomputer, superficial, superfluous, superheat, superimpose, superior, superlative, supermarket, supernal, supernatural, supernova, superposition, superpower, superscript, supersede, supersonic, superstition, supervene, supervise, supreme, supremum, surname, surplus, surround, survive
supin-	lying back	Latin	supinus	supination, supine
supra-	above, over	Latin	supra	supranationalism
surd-	deaf	Latin	surdus	absurdity
surg-	rise	Latin	surgere	resurgent
syn-, sy-, syl-, sym-	with	Greek	σύν (sun)	symbol, symmetry, sympathy, synchronous, synonym, system
syring-	pipe	Greek	σύριγξ, σύριγγος (syrinx, syringos)	syringe